Effect of AC and DC Transverse Self-Fields in Gyrotrons

The AC and DC transverse self-fields are calculated in gyrotron oscillators. A slow time scale hamiltonian formalism is developed and utilized. The principal effect of AC self-fields is to couple electromagnetic and electrostatic effects so as to increase the growth rate. The main effect of DC self-fields is to generate a spread in gyrofre-quencies which tends to reduce efficiency.